NWCG Glossary of Wildland Fire, PMS 205

Velocity of an aircraft in its flight path relative to the air through which it is moving.

Bearing by true north rather than magnetic north.

A line from any position on the earth’s surface to the geographic north pole. In a declination diagram of a map true north is symbolized by a line with a star at the apex.

An event dealing with response to a tsunami.

Irregular motion of the atmosphere usually produced when air flows over a comparatively uneven surface such as the surface of the earth; or when two currents of air flow past or over each other in different directions or at different speeds.

Contain a fire along a flank of the fire and begin containing it across the head. Refers to ground or air attack.

Time used by an airtanker or helitanker to reload and return to the fire.

A coat with a fire resistant outer shell and a thermal and moisture barrier liner. Used primarily by structure firefighters.

Radio equipment with transmitters in mobile units on the same frequency as the base station, permitting conversation in two directions using the same frequency in turn.

Lowest-level, categorization used to classify specific actions planned and implemented to address threats mitigated by the wildland fire management program.

A NIMS resource classification that refers to capability of a specific kind of resource to which a metric is applied to designate it as a specific numbered class.

Radio frequencies from 300 Megahertz (MHz) to 3,000 MHz with a normal range of less than 50 miles. Radio frequency common to military aircraft and used in the logistics radio system. The most common frequencies used by fire and public safety are from 406 MHz to 512 MHz. 

Level of risk as determined by the risk management process which cannot be mitigated to an acceptable safe level.

All personnel who are not official or unofficial passengers are considered unauthorized passengers and are not authorized to be transported in any aircraft owned or operated by or on behalf of the government.

The resource is not available to fill a resource order request.

The resource has been transferred to another dispatch, but the transfer has not been completed.

Airport not having an approved agency with radio communications to direct aircraft take-offs and landings.

Any fire which threatens to destroy life, property, or natural resources, and (a) is not burning within the confines of firebreaks, or (b) is burning with such intensity that it could not be readily extinguished with ordinary tools commonly available.

A fire that consume surface fuels but not the overstory canopy.

A fireline below a fire on a slope. Should be trenched to catch rolling material.

Prescribed burning under a forest canopy.

A unified area command is established when incidents under an area command are multijurisdictional.

Established when more than one agency has incident jurisdiction or when incidents cross political jurisdictions. This is accomplished by establishing a common set of incident objectives and strategies, without losing or abdicating authority, responsibility, or accountability.

Single location through which all incident resource orders are processed.

A unique identifier assigned to each wildland fire.

A code that uniquely identifies a particular fire report.

lowest in hierarchy, Relates to Agencies, Regions

The organizational element with functional responsibility for a specific activity within the Planning, Logistics, and Finance/Administration Sections in ICS.A generic term that represents an organizational entity that only has meaning when it is contextualized by a descriptor, e.g. jurisdictional.

A code used within the interagency incident management community to uniquely identify a particular governmental or non-government organizational unit recognized by NWCG as a wildland fire or all-risk cooperator.

A NIMS guiding principle stating that each individual involved in incident management reports to and takes direction from only one person.

A command philosophy that encourages leaders to work together to find common ground and act in the best interest of those responding to the incident, the public, and the resources that are threatened.

Hose commonly of cotton, linen, or synthetic fiber construction without rubber tube or lining, often used for wildfires because of its light weight and self protecting (weeping) characteristics; such hose is attached to first-aid standpipes in buildings. At a specified flow, friction loss in unlined hose of a stated diameter is about twice that of lined fire hose. 

Areas for which no fire organization has responsibility for management of a wildfire authorized by law, contract, or personal interest of the fire organization (e.g., a timber or rangeland association). 

Upper Level Disturbance, Cold Low Aloft: A circulation feature of the upper atmosphere where pressure, at a constant altitude, is lowest. Winds blow counter-clockwise around the center in an approximately circular pattern. Upper level lows are usually quite small. The mechanics of these upper lows is such that a pool of cool moist air always accompanies their development. There is often no evidence of low pressure at the earth's surface. An upper low may exist above a surface high pressure system. 

Trough, Trough Aloft, Upper Level [Cold] Low: An elongated area of relatively low pressure, at constant altitude, in the atmosphere. The opposite of an upper level ridge. Upper level troughs are usually oriented north-south with the north end open. That is, air currents moving from west to east around the earth flow around three sides of the trough then turn eastward rather than toward the west, as in the case of a closed circulation. A large upper level trough may have one or more small upper level closed low circulation systems within it. 

Upper High, High Aloft, Upper Level Ridge: A circulation feature of the upper atmosphere where pressure, at a constant altitude, is higher than in the surrounding region. Winds blow clockwise around an upper level high. Air in an upper level high is usually subsiding. This results in comparatively warm dry air with light winds over a large area. An upper level high may exist without there being high pressure at the earth's surface. 

An elongated area of relatively high pressure, at a constant altitude, in the atmosphere. The opposite of an upper level trough. Upper level ridges are often oriented north-south, alternating between upper level troughs, however, during summer they may assume random orientations and vast dimensions. 

An event dealing with a search, and/or rescue, and/or recovery in an urban setting.

The appropriate ratio of liquid foam concentrate to water recommended by the chemical manufacturer for each class of fire, usually expressed as a percent (such as 0.5%).

Management of wildfire or prescribed fire to meet resource objectives specified in land/resource management plans.

Maximum computed gross weight minus equipped weight of a helicopter.

Characteristics fire cone-shaped pattern left by a fire on a wall, at or near its point of origin.

A stretch of low land lying between hills or mountains which are sometimes occupied by a stream.

The elements of a community or natural area considered valuable by an individual or community that could be negatively impacted by a wildfire or wildfire operations. These values can vary by community and can include diverse characteristics such as homes, specific structures, water supply, power grids, natural and cultural resources, community infrastructure, and other economic, environmental, and social values.

Include property, structures, physical improvements, natural and cultural resources, community infrastructure, and economic, environmental, and social values.

Creating a seal with foam which prevents a release of flammable vapors from fuels.